A basic design, Nine-Patch was often used in utility quilts to keep people warm.
Girls as young as three and four would work on these at their mothers’ knees—
often referred to as “fireside training.”

[from <https://www.nps.gov/home/planyourvisit/quilt-discovery-experience.htm>]

Eight Point Star
Sometimes called “Star of Bethlehem,” the Eight Point Star pictures the Biblical star that led the shepherds to baby Jesus. Many homesteaders were led West by the stars. In the mid to late 1800s, Native American tribes used the eight-pointed star pattern, calling it the “Morning Star.”   
https://nationaldaycalendar.com/7-historical-quilt-patterns/

Ohio Star
Around since the early 1800's, Ohio Star, is also known as Variable Star, Eastern Star, and Western Star, depending on the maker’s geographical location or time period. The use of QST's (quarter square triangles) allowed the quilter to use lots of scraps to create “a stunning and unique block.”

http://threadbarecreations.blogspot.com/2020/08/classic-quilt-blocks-ohio-star.html

Crazy Quilt
An early quilt square pattern because it used each scrap, “regardless of color, design, or fabric type.” After industrialization, Crazy Quilts became more ornate, made to adorn Victorian parlors using rich fabrics and lace, personal bits and pieces from the maker’s life.

[from <https://www.nps.gov/home/planyourvisit/quilt-discovery-experience.htm>]